diff --git a/src/bun/index.js b/src/bun/index.js
index 215d209..0dc587f 100644
--- a/src/bun/index.js
+++ b/src/bun/index.js
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import {
+  captureLaunchUrl,
   closeSingleInstanceServer,
   ensureSingleInstanceLock
 } from '../desktop/single-instance.js'
 
-const gotSingleInstanceLock = await ensureSingleInstanceLock()
+const launchUrl = captureLaunchUrl()
+const gotSingleInstanceLock = await ensureSingleInstanceLock({ launchUrl })
 
 if (!gotSingleInstanceLock) {
   process.exit(0)
@@ -22,14 +24,15 @@ const {
   setupWindowsDeepLinkHandling
 } = await import('../desktop/window.js')
 
+setupWindowsDeepLinkHandling()
+
 const rpc = createAppRpc()
 const mainWindow = await createMainWindow(rpc)
 
-setupWindowsDeepLinkHandling()
 setupNavigationGestures(mainWindow)
 registerGlobalShortcuts(rpc)
 setupDevAuthServer()
-handleDeepLinkFromArgv()
+handleDeepLinkFromArgv(launchUrl)
 
 process.on('exit', () => {
   unregisterGlobalShortcuts()
diff --git a/src/desktop/single-instance.js b/src/desktop/single-instance.js
index e890314..fc30bd7 100644
--- a/src/desktop/single-instance.js
+++ b/src/desktop/single-instance.js
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ import {
   writeFileSync
 } from 'node:fs'
 import { join } from 'node:path'
-import { getWindowsLaunchSources } from './windows-launch-args.js'
+import {
+  getWindowsLaunchSources,
+  getWindowsLaunchUrl
+} from './windows-launch-args.js'
 
 const LOCK_FILE = 'primary.lock'
 const SIGNAL_FILE = 'instance-signal.json'
@@ -147,45 +150,67 @@ function collectLaunchSources() {
   return sources
 }
 
-function buildLaunchPayload() {
+export function captureLaunchUrl() {
+  if (process.platform === 'win32') {
+    return getWindowsLaunchUrl() || findProtocolUrl(collectLaunchSources())
+  }
+
+  return findProtocolUrl(collectLaunchSources())
+}
+
+function buildLaunchPayload(launchUrl = captureLaunchUrl()) {
   const sources = collectLaunchSources()
-  const url = findProtocolUrl(sources)
+  const url = launchUrl || findProtocolUrl(sources)
 
   return url
     ? { type: 'deeplink', url, argv: sources }
     : { type: 'focus', argv: sources }
 }
 
+function readSignalQueue({ clear = true } = {}) {
+  const signalPath = getSignalPath()
+  if (!existsSync(signalPath)) {
+    return []
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const raw = readFileSync(signalPath, 'utf8')
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw)
+
+    if (clear) {
+      unlinkSync(signalPath)
+    }
+
+    if (Array.isArray(parsed)) {
+      return parsed
+    }
+
+    return parsed ? [parsed] : []
+  } catch {
+    if (clear) {
+      try {
+        unlinkSync(signalPath)
+      } catch {
+        // Ignore cleanup failures.
+      }
+    }
+    return []
+  }
+}
+
 function writeInstanceSignal(payload) {
   const signalPath = getSignalPath()
   mkdirSync(getInstanceDir(), { recursive: true })
 
+  const queue = readSignalQueue({ clear: false })
+  queue.push({ ...payload, timestamp: Date.now() })
+
   const tempPath = `${signalPath}.${process.pid}.${Date.now()}.tmp`
-  writeFileSync(tempPath, JSON.stringify({ ...payload, timestamp: Date.now() }), 'utf8')
+  writeFileSync(tempPath, JSON.stringify(queue), 'utf8')
   writeFileSync(signalPath, readFileSync(tempPath))
   unlinkSync(tempPath)
 }
 
-function readAndClearInstanceSignal() {
-  const signalPath = getSignalPath()
-  if (!existsSync(signalPath)) {
-    return null
-  }
-
-  try {
-    const payload = JSON.parse(readFileSync(signalPath, 'utf8'))
-    unlinkSync(signalPath)
-    return payload
-  } catch {
-    try {
-      unlinkSync(signalPath)
-    } catch {
-      // Ignore cleanup failures.
-    }
-    return null
-  }
-}
-
 function resolveIncomingMessage(message) {
   if (!message || typeof message !== 'object') {
     return null
@@ -222,8 +247,10 @@ function dispatchMessage(message) {
   }
 }
 
-function processInstanceSignal() {
-  dispatchMessage(readAndClearInstanceSignal())
+function processInstanceSignals() {
+  for (const message of readSignalQueue({ clear: true })) {
+    dispatchMessage(message)
+  }
 }
 
 function startInstanceSignalWatcher() {
@@ -232,22 +259,22 @@ function startInstanceSignalWatcher() {
   }
 
   mkdirSync(getInstanceDir(), { recursive: true })
-  processInstanceSignal()
+  processInstanceSignals()
 
   try {
     fsWatcher = watch(getInstanceDir(), (_event, filename) => {
       if (!filename || filename === SIGNAL_FILE) {
-        setTimeout(processInstanceSignal, 25)
+        setTimeout(processInstanceSignals, 25)
       }
     })
   } catch {
     // Polling below covers filesystems without reliable watch support.
   }
 
-  pollInterval = setInterval(processInstanceSignal, 100)
+  pollInterval = setInterval(processInstanceSignals, 100)
 }
 
-export async function ensureSingleInstanceLock() {
+export async function ensureSingleInstanceLock({ launchUrl } = {}) {
   if (process.platform === 'darwin') {
     return true
   }
@@ -257,7 +284,7 @@ export async function ensureSingleInstanceLock() {
     return true
   }
 
-  writeInstanceSignal(buildLaunchPayload())
+  writeInstanceSignal(buildLaunchPayload(launchUrl))
   return false
 }
 
@@ -268,7 +295,7 @@ export function setSingleInstanceHandlers({ onDeepLink, onFocus }) {
     dispatchMessage(pendingMessages.shift())
   }
 
-  processInstanceSignal()
+  processInstanceSignals()
 }
 
 export function closeSingleInstanceServer() {
diff --git a/src/desktop/window.js b/src/desktop/window.js
index 59b5009..1fe2733 100644
--- a/src/desktop/window.js
+++ b/src/desktop/window.js
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ const isMacOS = process.platform === 'darwin'
 
 const DEV_SERVER_PORT = 5780
 const DEV_SERVER_URL = `http://localhost:${DEV_SERVER_PORT}`
-import { findProtocolUrl, setSingleInstanceHandlers } from './single-instance.js'
-import { getWindowsLaunchSources } from './windows-launch-args.js'
+import { captureLaunchUrl, setSingleInstanceHandlers } from './single-instance.js'
 
 let mainWindow = null
 let webviewDomReady = false
@@ -128,16 +127,12 @@ export function handleDeepLink(url) {
   return true
 }
 
-export function handleDeepLinkFromArgv() {
+export function handleDeepLinkFromArgv(launchUrl = captureLaunchUrl()) {
   if (process.platform === 'darwin') return
 
-  const sources = [...process.argv]
-  if (process.platform === 'win32') {
-    sources.push(...getWindowsLaunchSources())
+  if (launchUrl) {
+    handleDeepLink(launchUrl)
   }
-
-  const url = findProtocolUrl(sources)
-  if (url) handleDeepLink(url)
 }
 
 function broadcastWindowState() {
diff --git a/src/desktop/windows-launch-args.js b/src/desktop/windows-launch-args.js
index 2f45a6c..3fab7c1 100644
--- a/src/desktop/windows-launch-args.js
+++ b/src/desktop/windows-launch-args.js
@@ -1,9 +1,44 @@
+function hasProtocolUrl(sources) {
+  return sources.some(
+    (source) =>
+      typeof source === 'string' && /farmcontrol:\/\//i.test(source)
+  )
+}
+
+function runPowerShell(script) {
+  try {
+    const proc = Bun.spawnSync({
+      cmd: [
+        'powershell.exe',
+        '-NoProfile',
+        '-NonInteractive',
+        '-ExecutionPolicy',
+        'Bypass',
+        '-Command',
+        script
+      ],
+      stdout: 'pipe',
+      stderr: 'pipe',
+      windowsHide: true
+    })
+
+    if (proc.exitCode !== 0) {
+      return ''
+    }
+
+    return proc.stdout.toString().trim()
+  } catch {
+    return ''
+  }
+}
+
 function runCommand(command) {
   try {
     const proc = Bun.spawnSync({
       cmd: ['cmd.exe', '/c', command],
       stdout: 'pipe',
-      stderr: 'pipe'
+      stderr: 'pipe',
+      windowsHide: true
     })
 
     if (proc.exitCode !== 0) {
@@ -36,51 +71,38 @@ function getParentProcessId(pid) {
   return parentPid ? Number.parseInt(parentPid, 10) : null
 }
 
-function getPowerShellCommandLines() {
-  try {
-    const proc = Bun.spawnSync({
-      cmd: [
-        'powershell.exe',
-        '-NoProfile',
-        '-NonInteractive',
-        '-Command',
-        `$pid = $PID
-for ($i = 0; $i -lt 6; $i++) {
+function getPowerShellProcessTreeCommandLines() {
+  const output = runPowerShell(`
+$pid = $PID
+$lines = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[string]
+for ($i = 0; $i -lt 12; $i++) {
   $proc = Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId=$pid" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
   if (-not $proc) { break }
-  if ($proc.CommandLine) { $proc.CommandLine }
-  if ($proc.CommandLine -match 'farmcontrol://') { break }
-  if (-not $proc.ParentProcessId) { break }
+  if ($proc.CommandLine) {
+    $lines.Add([string]$proc.CommandLine)
+    if ($proc.CommandLine -match 'farmcontrol://') { break }
+  }
+  if (-not $proc.ParentProcessId -or $proc.ParentProcessId -eq $pid) { break }
   $pid = $proc.ParentProcessId
-}`
-      ],
-      stdout: 'pipe',
-      stderr: 'pipe'
-    })
+}
+$lines -join [Environment]::NewLine
+`)
 
-    if (proc.exitCode !== 0) {
-      return []
-    }
-
-    return proc.stdout
-      .toString()
-      .split(/\r?\n/)
-      .map((line) => line.trim())
-      .filter(Boolean)
-  } catch {
+  if (!output) {
     return []
   }
+
+  return output
+    .split(/\r?\n/)
+    .map((line) => line.trim())
+    .filter(Boolean)
 }
 
-export function getWindowsLaunchSources() {
-  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
-    return []
-  }
-
+function getWmicProcessTreeCommandLines() {
   const sources = []
   let pid = process.pid
 
-  for (let depth = 0; depth < 6; depth += 1) {
+  for (let depth = 0; depth < 12; depth += 1) {
     const commandLine = getProcessCommandLine(pid)
     if (commandLine) {
       sources.push(commandLine)
@@ -97,9 +119,69 @@ export function getWindowsLaunchSources() {
     pid = parentPid
   }
 
-  if (sources.length === 0) {
-    return getPowerShellCommandLines()
-  }
-
   return sources
 }
+
+function getEnvironmentLaunchSources() {
+  return Object.values(process.env).filter(
+    (value) => typeof value === 'string' && /farmcontrol:\/\//i.test(value)
+  )
+}
+
+export function getWindowsLaunchSources() {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return []
+  }
+
+  const sources = new Set([
+    ...process.argv,
+    ...getEnvironmentLaunchSources()
+  ])
+
+  for (const commandLine of getPowerShellProcessTreeCommandLines()) {
+    sources.add(commandLine)
+  }
+
+  if (!hasProtocolUrl([...sources])) {
+    for (const commandLine of getWmicProcessTreeCommandLines()) {
+      sources.add(commandLine)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return [...sources]
+}
+
+export function getWindowsLaunchUrl() {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+    return undefined
+  }
+
+  const sources = getWindowsLaunchSources()
+
+  for (const source of sources) {
+    if (typeof source !== 'string') continue
+
+    const trimmed = source.trim().replace(/^['"]+|['"]+$/g, '')
+    const match = trimmed.match(/farmcontrol:\/\/\S+/i)
+    if (match) {
+      const rawUrl = match[0].replace(/['"]+$/g, '')
+      try {
+        return decodeURI(rawUrl)
+      } catch {
+        return rawUrl
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  const combinedMatch = sources.join(' ').match(/farmcontrol:\/\/\S+/i)
+  if (combinedMatch) {
+    const rawUrl = combinedMatch[0].replace(/['"]+$/g, '')
+    try {
+      return decodeURI(rawUrl)
+    } catch {
+      return rawUrl
+    }
+  }
+
+  return undefined
+}